First impressions of Windows 7

Libraries provide a single access point for files

Microsoft sent the final version of Windows 7 to manufacturing last month, and has now made the operating system (OS) available for download by its MSDN developer network and Technet users. The formal release of the software is scheduled for 22 October.

Computing downloaded the 2.4GB x86 Ultimate .iso image from our Technet account, and at the time Microsoft’s site was taking a pounding from the high number of people doing likewise. Where usually we could achieve 14Mbit/s download speeds, on the night it became available we were lucky to see 120Kbit/s, and sometimes speeds dropped as low as 25Kbit/s.

Using a test notebook, we performed a fresh install over Windows 7 Ultimate release candidate OS. The first, and somewhat amusing, thing to note is that when you enter a password to log in, a new sound greets your entry to Windows 7. Although the traditional two-note entry sound is there, it has been transformed into a fairly triumphalist digital trumpet sound – perhaps an ironic acknowledgement of its predecessor Vista’s anything-but-triumphant reception by consumers and businesses.

All seemed well at first, but a quick performance check on the system using the Windows Experience Index (WEI) showed that the graphics card driver was missing – WEI was only 1.0 for graphics performance.

The card was an nVidia GeForce 8600M GS model, and for experienced users this scenario will necessitate a trip online to find the right driver. For inexperienced users who have not bought a system with Windows 7 pre-installed, a support call could be required. Businesses that decide to roll out Windows 7 should be sure to have all the necessary drivers and applications ready to create an image of their systems.

Normally, organisations would wait until the first service pack before deploying a new Windows operating system. However, since Windows 7 and Vista share a common code base – a fact that has led some to describe Windows 7 as simply Vista plus an enormous service pack – there is a case for making the move sooner rather than later.

Another way of installing Windows 7 is to upgrade straight from Vista. After we did this, we had no driver problems and all our applications successfully made the transition.

A quick WEI check gave a score of 4.6, pretty similar to the 4.7 score we received for Vista Ultimate. However, even with the Windows 7 beta and release candidate, the number of processes and services that tied up memory and processor on Vista was significantly reduced, so apparent performance as experienced by the user is much better. Boot-up and shutdown times are also much improved.

Microsoft has taken notice of user complaints regarding Vista’s habit of continually hassling the user with pop-ups, and Windows 7 keeps these to a minimum, even though its original assertion that this would reduce security is a valid point.

One potential problem for businesses, and one on which Microsoft has been working hard, is application compatibility – something that proved a particular headache for early adopters of Vista. We only had one issue that appeared in the Windows Compatibility Report generated by the upgrade from Vista to Windows 7, with Adobe Encore being flagged as a potential problem.

Enhanced mobile security
When BitLocker drive encryption made its appearance on Vista in 2006, data protection horror stories were less common – this was before the 2007 HM Revenue & Customs data loss of 25 million unencrypted child benefit records. Today, data protection, especially for portable data devices, is a major issue for IT managers.

BitLocker previously allowed onboard disks to be encrypted, but not portable devices. Windows 7 now allows USB devices to be encrypted and protected by passwords, and also optionally with any onboard SmartCard readers.

We found it easy to set up and encrypt drives, but businesses will possibly be more interested by the ability to manage Windows 7 systems’ ability to write to portable drives. Using group policy through Active Directory, system administrators rolling out Windows Server 2008 R2 can enforce encryption on users’ portable devices and can also back up recovery keys.

For IT managers, Windows 7 has lots of new features, but the majority will need the organisation to move to Windows Server 2008 – requiring 64-bit computing in back-office servers.

Using Windows Server 2008 R2, system administrators can also enforce which applications run on users’ systems, using AppLocker. Again, this uses Active Directory’s group policy feature.

In fact, a lot of Windows 7 functionality is tied into Windows Server 2008 R2. The DirectAccess feature, which gives mobile users access to back-office corporate networks and data, is another. Microsoft may even be helping global adoption of IPv6 with DirectAccess, since it uses IPv6-over-IPsec to encrypt communications. Moving to IPv6 should be on network administrators’ minds, given that some estimates for the exhaustion of IPv4 addresses are anywhere between 2010 and 2012.

Yet another Windows 7 feature enabled by Windows Server 2008 R2 is BranchCache, which caches headquarters’ content at branch offices to reduce network bandwidth requirements.

Teleworkers might find the Homegroup feature useful in setting up networked systems at home, and it was easy to do this. Setting up the new Libraries feature was also simple and allows users to group related content.

There are four default libraries: Documents, Music, Pictures, and Videos, but users can create new ones. Unlike earlier versions when grouping content involved separate folders and sub-folders, users can now set up libraries regardless of where the content is stored, and access that content through a single entry point.

Improved search capabilities
The search function in Windows 7 has also been given significant enhancements, making it simpler for enterprise users to search across a broader variety of data sources. With federated search, Windows 7 allows users to search across local and networked storage, as well as intranets and data contained in firms’ SharePoint installations. Microsoft has based federated search on the OpenSearch standard, and users can populate the feature with sites to be searched or IT administrators can set up links using group policy.

Google is no doubt hoping the recent announcement of Chrome OS for netbooks might cause a few IT managers to delay Windows upgrades to see if they may have a genuine alternative – although Chrome OS is unlikely to be available much before summer 2010.

But we would expect most businesses to leapfrog Vista rollouts and move straight to Windows 7. Only Microsoft could release an operating system that garnered as many bad reviews as Vista, and still live to fight another day. Windows 7 promises to be what Vista should have been.

Click on to page 2 to read about Windows 7 upgrade issues

What Microsoft says about upgrading to Windows 7

Data released from Microsoft on the upgrade methods for Windows XP and Vista suggests many corporate users may have a tough time installing the new operating system.

Very few of the upgrade options will be possible without major changes. Many will require the complete wiping of the hard drive and an installation from scratch.

The news is worrying for businesses that have stuck with Windows XP and waited for Windows 7 rather than upgrading to Vista. IT managers could face a big task upgrading XP systems as it could require extensive data backups and clean installations on a large number of machines.

Even Vista users could face a rocky upgrade path. While some versions of Vista will be upgradable without a hard drive wipe, this applies to Windows 7 Ultimate rather than the Professional and Home versions.

This suggests that Windows 7 may not have the smooth launch that many were expecting. While new computer purchases will be unaffected, corporate adoption of Windows 7 could be hampered.

The following is taken from Microsoft’s web site, giving the firm’s official stance on what is required for businesses upgrading to Windows 7:

From Microsoft.com:

"Adopting a new operating system in an enterprise environment is never a simple undertaking, but the Windows 7 operating system was designed to ease application compatibility as much as possible. Assessing the compatibility of your applications depends largely on what operating system your enterprise is currently running.

Windows Vista customers
"For customers on Windows Vista moving to Windows 7, the effort required to test and validate applications will be substantially reduced compared to moving from Windows XP to Windows 7. The majority of applications that already work on Windows Vista will continue to work on Windows 7 with little or no issues due to the underlying similarity of the two operating systems and efforts by Microsoft and its partners to provide compatibility. For example, application updates created for Windows Vista can be applied to Windows 7 as well.

Windows XP and Windows 2000 customers
"Microsoft recommends that these customers work closely with their Microsoft sales representatives to help them get ready for Windows 7, as there are additional steps that need to be taken to mitigate application compatibility if your organisation decides to skip Windows Vista.

"In some cases, key business applications are not yet compatible or supported on Windows 7. If you cannot get a version of the application to run natively on Windows 7 or mitigation is deemed too costly or time-intensive, there are new desktop virtualisation tools to allow transition from older versions of Windows to Windows 7.

"Windows 7 enables users to seamlessly run a virtual Windows XP environment through Windows Virtual PC. Older applications can operate in their supported operating system, removing the barriers to upgrade. Microsoft Enterprise Desktop Virtualisation, a core component of Microsoft Desktop Optimisation Pack for Software Assurance, adds the capabilities required for IT-managed deployments of virtual PCs, including virtual image delivery, policy-based provisioning, and centralised management and monitoring."